The world's coral reefs are on the brink of an irreversible die-off, scientists warn, marking a critical turning point in climate-driven ecosystem collapse. This alarming revelation comes from a comprehensive report by 160 global researchers, who highlight the rapid pace of global warming and its devastating impact on these vital ecosystems. The report, released ahead of the COP30 climate summit in Brazil, underscores the urgency of the situation.
The Amazon rainforest, a vital carbon sink, is now at risk of collapse if global temperatures exceed 1.5 degrees Celsius due to deforestation. This is a stark reminder of the interconnectedness of our planet's ecosystems and the potential for widespread disruption. The report also highlights the threat to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a major ocean current that regulates Europe's climate.
Environmental scientist Tim Lenton, lead author of the report, emphasizes the rapid changes occurring in the climate and biosphere. While there are positive signs, such as the increased use of renewables in electricity generation, the urgency of the situation remains. Lenton stresses the importance of taking action to reduce carbon emissions and empower individuals and communities.
The report reveals that average global temperatures have already warmed by 1.3-1.4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and the last two years have been the warmest on record. Marine heatwaves have caused widespread coral bleaching and death, affecting 84% of the world's reefs. Coral reefs are crucial habitats for a quarter of marine life, and their decline poses a significant threat to biodiversity.
To prevent further damage, scientists suggest a drastic reduction in temperatures to just 1 degree Celsius above pre-industrial levels. However, current national policies suggest a warming of 3.1 degrees Celsius this century, indicating a challenging path to recovery. The report underscores the need for immediate and collective action to mitigate the impacts of climate change and protect our planet's fragile ecosystems.
